Overweight and obese people are continuously on the lookout for new technologies or products they may employ to shed off their undesirable pounds.
Some have success tales, and some fail. Some grasp the notion of healthy
weight loss; some are searching for a quick cure. Some decide to do it the
natural way, and some choose surgery.
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| bariatric_surgery |
One of the better-recognized
weight loss procedures availed by obese people is bariatric surgery.
What is bariatric surgery?
Bariatric surgery, more frequently referred to as weight reduction
surgery, is a set of surgical treatments used to treat overweight and obese
persons.
This is great for folks who’ve
failed to accomplish their weight reduction objectives with diets and exercise programs.
Compared to other surgical procedures for obesity, bariatric surgery may assist
obtain more healthy body weight.
Like any other existing surgical procedure for obesity, bariatric
surgery offers its perks. Although, of course, do not forget to evaluate the
prospective danger and side effects before opting to undertake such a surgery.
When to consider bariatric surgery?
Doctors consider the following parameters before approving s patient for
surgery:
- A body mass index (BMI) of 40 and higher. This amounts to around a hundred pounds overweight for males, and eighty pounds overweight for women.
- A BMI of 35 to 39.9 is associated with a major obesity-related health condition such as hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and obstructive sleep apnea (this happens when breathing stops for a few seconds while sleeping) (this occurs when breathing stops for a few seconds while sleeping).
- A comprehensive knowledge of the surgery and the lifestyle modifications that the operation would need from you after the procedure is conducted.
Types of bariatric surgery
Each form of bariatric surgery has benefits and downsides. Be sure to talk to your doctor about them. Here's a look at common forms of bariatric surgery:
Roux-en-Y (roo-en-wy) gastric bypass
This operation is often not reversible. It works by lowering the
quantity of food you can consume in one sitting and inhibiting the absorption of
nutrients.
The surgeon cuts across the top of the stomach, shutting it off from the
remainder of the stomach. The resultant pouch is roughly the size of a walnut
and can store just about an ounce of food. Typically, the stomach can store
roughly 3 quarts of food.
Then, the surgeon slices the small intestine and sews a portion of it
directly onto the pouch. Food then travels into this little pouch of the stomach
and then directly into the small intestine stitched to it.
Food avoids most of the stomach and the first section of the small
intestine and instead goes directly into the middle region of the small
intestine.
Sleeve gastrectomy
With sleeve gastrectomy, around
80% of the stomach is removed, leaving a long, tube-like pouch. This smaller
stomach can't hold as much food. It also generates less of the
appetite-regulating hormone ghrelin, which may diminish the urge to eat.
The advantages of this treatment include considerable weight reduction and
no rerouting of the intestines. Sleeve gastrectomy also involves a shorter
hospital stay than most other surgeries.
Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch
This is a two-part operation in
which the first phase entails conducting a technique comparable to a sleeve
gastrectomy.
The second procedure includes
connecting the terminal section of the intestine to the duodenum near the
stomach (duodenal switch and biliopancreatic diversion), skipping the bulk of
the intestine.
This operation both restricts how much you may eat and lowers the
absorption of nutrients. While it is incredibly effective, it has more risks,
including starvation and vitamin deficits.
Which sort of weight-loss surgery is ideal for you depends on your
unique condition. Your surgeon will take numerous aspects into account,
including body mass index, eating habits, other health conditions, past
procedures, and the dangers linked with each treatment
The most prevalent method is the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Here,
a tiny stomach pouch is produced with a stapler device and attached to the
distal small intestine. The top section of the small intestine is then reattached
in a Y-shaped structure.
In the United States, an estimated 140,000 people have sought to undergo
the abovementioned treatment, thereby making it the most widely done operation
for weight loss.
Gastric bypass treatment has already been conducted for about 50 years,
that’s why surgeons have grown comfortable with the complete grasp of the
dangers and advantages of the procedure.
Risks of bariatric surgery
Even though bariatric surgery involves a minimally invasive surgery
approach, it is still considered a big procedure.
And like all other major procedures, you will be provided general anesthesia and will require a few days at the hospital and a few weeks to recoup.
And like any other significant operation, there will still be hazards
involved.
General hazards
- Bleeding
- Infection in the incision
- Potential heart and/or lung problem
- Intestinal blockages owing to adhesions
- Hernia through the incision
- Rejection of materials used for the suture
- General anesthetic-associated risks
Post-operative Early Risks:
Gastric fluid leaks from the stomach or intestines via the sutures which
may result in abdominal infection. This will require a second procedure to
drain the infection.
Spleen injury. Rare though this adverse effect may be, splenectomy may
be necessary if the bleeding cannot be controlled.
Post-operative Late Risks:
Ulcer development on the stomach or small intestine.
Defecating. Patients may have loose stools and/or stomach pains shortly
after consuming specific meals.
Obstruction of the entrance of the stoma. This happens when a piece of
food becomes trapped in the stoma.
Deficiencies of iron and many vitamins.
Inaccessibility of the lower stomach and upper intestine to some
diagnostic tests.
Disruption of the staple can occur. A second procedure may be necessary
for re-stapling. Hair loss might be a
temporary concern within the first six to twelve months following the
procedure. This is primarily due to vitamin insufficiency. There is no
particular cure other than appropriate eating and multivitamin pills.
Results of bariatric surgery
Gastric bypass and other bariatric operations can promote long-term
weight reduction. The amount of weight you lose depends on your kind of surgery
and your adjustment in lifestyle choices. It may be able to eliminate half, or
possibly more, of your excess weight within two years.
In addition to weight reduction, gastric bypass surgery may alleviate or
resolve diseases typically connected to being overweight, including:
- Heart disease
- High blood pressure
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- Type 2 diabetes
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Osteoarthritis
Gastric bypass surgery can also increase your capacity to undertake
ordinary daily tasks, which could assist improve your quality of life.
Now that the dangers and advantages have been put to you, think about it
carefully before undergoing this procedure. Consult your doctors and have them
discuss this topic thoroughly.
After all, this is your body and
this is a major shift. Just bear in mind that even though surgery is the
fastest method to get over your obesity problem, the greatest approach to losing
weight is still through the natural process.
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