About hypothyroidism – a common health problem
In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is releasing too low hormones to drive the metabolism or the body is not able to use the hormones.
The shortage of thyroid hormones slows down the metabolism and therefore
all the functions in the body, creating a combination of various symptoms
associated with the slowness of biological processes.
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Hypothyroidism is prevalent; however, the frequency of the disorder is
not fully characterized. Some sources estimate that 0.5% of the overall
American population has the condition to some degree.
The incidence is substantially
larger among those over 50 years of age than among young people.
Hypothyroidism symptoms
The most prevalent early symptoms are Mental and physical weariness,
weakness, weight gain or over-weight, and sadness.
Many of these symptoms also usually present early: Constipation, coldness,
chills, huge tongue, reduced sweating, dry brittle hair, brittle nails, muscle
aches, joint pains, and pale or yellowish appearance.
Many of these symptoms use to appear later: decreased memory, slowness,
drowsiness, slow speech, thinning or loss of eyebrows, voice hoarseness, poor
circulation, and dry skin.
Also, these symptoms may present late: diminished taste and smell,
menstrual irregularities, puffy face, hands, and feet, generalized body swelling,
muscle spasms, and joint stiffness.
In children or young individuals, hypothyroidism may provide
developmental difficulties, such as disrupted tooth development and low height.
Hypothyroidism raises the risk of high cholesterol levels, heart disease, and diabetes (diabetes mellitus) (diabetes mellitus). This happens even with
substantially diminished thyroid output.
The thyroid gland and its hormones
To comprehend hypothyroidism, a basic understanding of the thyroid
gland and its hormones is needed.
The thyroid gland generates hormones that accelerate and otherwise
control metabolism.
The first aspect of metabolism is
the process of breaking down energy containing nutrients and using the energy
to generate molecules that all the processes and activities in the body need as
fuel.
Another aspect is the creation of molecules that the body uses as
building materials.
The thyroid manufactures four hormones: Thyroxin (T4), triiodothyronine
(T3), diiodothyronine (T2), and monoiodothyronine (T1) (T1). The hormones
contain iodine, and the statistics indicate the number of iodine atoms
in each hormone molecule.
T3 is not formed directly but is produced from T4. T3 is a more
efficient hormone than T4. Therefore this conversion is crucial.
The pituitary, a gland under the brain, generates a hormone called
thyrotropin or thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) that stimulates the function
of the thyroid gland. If the body has too low thyroid hormone in the blood, the
pituitary creates more thyrotropin.
This hormone makes the thyroid increase its own hormonal production. By
a too-heavy thyroid hormone concentration, less thyrotropin is generated by the
pituitary, and the thyroid gland slows down. This feedback system governs the
metabolism of the whole organism.
Hypothyroidism causes
In hypothyroidism, the body does not obtain enough thyroid hormone, or
the hormones do not operate efficiently in the body. This causes the metabolism
to slow down.
When the metabolism declines, the processes in the body do not obtain
enough fuel and construction materials, and all bodily functions will thus
slow down. Energy-containing nutrition will also be stored as fat, as they are
not broken down.
Serious variations of hypothyroidism are called myxedema. This is an
uncommon condition. However, less catastrophic, yet painful versions are
widespread.
There are various causes for hypothyroidism, each presenting a variety
of the disease:
An autoimmune reaction against the thyroid tissue might impair the
potential of the thyroid gland to generate hormones as in Hashimoto's disease.
Sometimes the generation of T3 via conversion from T4 is inhibited. The
overall quantity of hormones may be normal in certain circumstances, but the
body is still short T3 and receives the symptoms of hypothyroidism.
Iodine shortage can induce hypothyroidism, as the thyroid hormones
contain iodine. In Europe and America, the diet is seldom short in iodine, yet
inadequate nutrition may result in an iodine shortage.
Surgery or radiation in the thyroid location can kill enough tissue to
produce hypothyroidism.
Injury or disease in the pituitary or of the region of the brain
controlling the pituitary may cause a drop in released thyrotropin, and then
the thyroid will respond by producing fewer of its own hormones with
hypothyroidism as a result.
Some persons suffer symptoms of hypothyroidism even when the level of
thyroid hormone in the blood is normal. One of the signs is elevated levels of
thyrotropin, suggesting that the body signals the need for extra thyroid hormones.
This variation may be induced by abnormalities elsewhere in the body
that make it harder for the hormone to reach its goal in the cells.
In many of these situations, the immune system develops antibodies
against the thyroid hormones. This form is called sub-clinical hypothyroidism and responds to the same therapy as chronic hypothyroidism.
Some types of food might contribute to reduced thyroid function or
worsen hypothyroidism when consumed raw in high amounts: Brussel sprouts,
broccoli, corn oil, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, kohlrabi, radishes, rutabaga,
soy, and turnips.
By preparing these veggies, the depressive impact is lessened.
Some factors suspected to produce hypothyroidism are artificial
sweetener aspartame, mercury pollution, dental fillings containing mercury,
fluoride, and heavy metal contamination.
Hypothyroidism treatment
For extreme hypothyroidism caused by tissue damage, exogenous
replenishment of thyroid hormones is indicated.
When the disease is caused by a lack of iodine in the diet, dietary
adjustments and iodine supplements will be a component of the treatment.
Hypothyroidism diet
You can occasionally treat hypothyroidism by limiting the amount of food
suspected of depressing the thyroid function: Brussel sprouts, broccoli, corn
oil, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, kohlrabi, radishes, rutabaga, soy, soy
products, and turnips.
However, these food kinds are helpful in many ways, so it is generally
not good to leave them out altogether. Also aim to avoid artificial components
like the sweetener aspartame, conserving additives and fluoride.
Changing out mercury dental fillings and minimizing mercury or heavy
metal exposure may assist to improve the disease.
You may also treat the situation by consuming food that promotes thyroid function according to practical experience. Examples of these food
products are fish from the ocean, flax seed, pumpkin seed, coconut, and brewer
yeast.
You may get nutritional supplements to aid with hypothyroidism. The
components of these supplements vary:
*They may contain building components that the thyroid requires to
manufacture its hormones, for example, iodine, acetyl-L-tyrosine, or
L-phenylalanine.
*They may also contain vitamins and minerals that promote the process of
hormone synthesis by being a component of required enzymes, or by assisting the
absorption of the materials that hormones are created from, like Magnesium,
zinc, selenium, copper, and vitamin E.
*They may furthermore contain constituents that stimulate tissue
regeneration by being part of tissue-building enzymes, thus helping to
restore a degraded thyroid, for example, Folic acid or folate, vitamin B2
(riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid or pantothenate), B6
(pyridoxine), B12 (cyanocobalamin) and molybdenum.
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